BOTANICAL NAME

CASSIA FISTULA

FAMILY

LEGUMINOSAE

OTHER NAMES

Sanskrit

Amaha, Amayaghata, Antadru, Aragbadha, Aragbhada, Aragvadha, Aragvadhah, Aragwadhah, Arakvadam, Arevata,

Arogyashimbi,Aruja, Caturangula, Caturangulah, Chakraparivyadha, Chaturangula, Dhirghaphala, Dirghaphala, Dirghaphalah,

Drumotpala, Himapushpa,Jatharanut, Jvarantaka, Kandughna, Karnabharanaka, Karnikara, Karnikarah, Kritamala, Kritamalaka,

Krtamala, Krtamalah,Krtamalaka, Kundali, Kushtaghna, Kushthasudana, Mahakarnikara, Maharajdruma, Manthana, Naktamala,

Naradhipa, Narendradrma,Nripadruma, Nrpadrma, Nrpataru, Nrpavrksa, Pragraha, Pramcha, Rajadrma, Rajataru, Rajavraksha,

Rajavriksha, Rajavrksa,Rajavrksah, Rasetiktah, Recanah, Rechana, Rochana, Sampaka, Samyak, Samyaka, Samyakah,

Saraphala, Sauvarni, Shamyaka,Shephalika, Suvarnaka, Svarnabhusana, Svarnabhushana, Svarnadra, Svarnasthali,

Svarnavriksha, Vyadhighata, Vyadhighatah,Vyadivata, Vyathantaka, Evatah

Hindi

Kirala, Amaltas, Amaltas-ki-phalli, Amulthus, Bandarlauri, Girimala, Girmalah, Sonhali, Semara,

Amaltash, Kaniar amaltas, Alis,Kaniar, Amlatash, Garmalo

karmalo, Bahawa dhediya, Kirmalo, Dodiya, Karmalo, Garmale, Dhediya, Bahawa

Urdu

Amaltas, Mughze amaltas, Khayarshanbar, Maghz khiyar shambar, Maghz amaltas

Marathi

Bhawan, Bahawa, Gurmala, Bahava, Bawa, Bhawabaya, Boya, Chimkani, Garmala, Girimala, Balo, Bova

Gujrati

Garmalo

English

Purging cassia

Oriya

Ngaingaw, Sonarli

Mizoram

Ngaingaw

Persian

Khiyar-chanbar, Khiyar-shambar, Khiyar-chambar, Maghze khiyar-shamber

Telgu

Aragvadhamu, Koelapenna, Kolaponna, Kondrakayi, Raelachettu

OTHER INFORMATION

DESCRIPTION

A moderate sized handsome deciduous tree, 8 to 15 m in height with greenish grey smooth bark

when young and rough when old, exfoliating in hard scales. Leaves pinnately compound, leaflets

4 to 8 pairs, ovate, acute, bright green, glabrous above, paler and silvery pubescent beneath

when young, main nerves numerous.

PHARMACOGNOSY

Root : Root is reddish brown and rough externally with numerous horizontal lenticels. The outermost

tissue of bark can be peeled off easily. The inner surface os fresh bark is smooth and light pink in colour.

The wood is porous, light yellow in colour and fibrous, irregular, woody fracture.

Stem : When young the outer surface of stem is smooth and greenish to pale grey in colour but older

stems are dark brown to greyish white with rough surface; wood is porous, yellowish white in colour;

fracture tough, rough. T.S. of stem shows outermost layer of cork consisting of 18-24 rows of slightly

thick walled tangentially elongated cells filled with brownish tannin content.

Leaf : Leaves are paripinnate with 4-8 pairs of leaflets, coriaceous when fresh and papery on drying.

Leaflets are broadly ovate, oblong, acute, occassionally acuminate or obtuse or emarginate, cuneate at

base, midrib densely pubescent beneath.

Fruit : Pods are 40-70 cm long and 20-27 mm in diameter, striaght or slightly curved, smooth,

finely striated transversely. The dorsal suture appears as a single vascular strand and ventral suture

as two closely applied strands. Internally the pod is divided by thin, buff coloured, transverse

dissepiments, each compartment filled with black pulp and containing one seed.

DISTRIBUTION

This species is probably native to Southeast Asia, now globally distributed in the Pantropics.

Within India, it is found both wild and cultivated almost throughout ascending to an altitutde of

1200 metres in the Himalayas.

CULTIVATION

it grows under a very wide range of climatic and edaphic variations. It can grow on poor, shallow

soil as well as on trap, granite and sandstone soils.

PART (S) USED

FRUIT PUPL, ROOT, FLOWER, LEAF

DOSE

Fruit pulp 5 - 10 gm, Root kwath 50 - 100 ml, Flower 5 - 10 gm

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS

3, 4, 7, 8-pentahydroxyflavan, Barbaloin, Rhein, Fistucacidin, Catechin, Kaempferal, Tanin,

 Fistulin, Ceryl alcohol, Methionine, Phenylalanine

PHYSICAL CONSTITUENTS

Fruit pulp 5 - 10 gm (purgation dose 10 to 20 gm), Root bark decoction 50 to 100 ml, flowers

5 to 10 gm

AYURVEDIC PROPERTIES

GUNA (Quality)

Guru, Mrudu, Snigdh

RASA (Taste)

Madhur

VIPAK (Metabolism)

Madhur

VIRYA (Potency)

Sheet

PRABHAV (Impact)

Kusthghan

PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION

Hypoglycaemic, Anticancer, Anticolic, Antifertility, Estrogenic, Laxative, Antibacterial, Antipyretic,

Antiinflammatory, Smooth

muscle stimulant, Antiarthritic, Antitussive, Purgative, Antifungal, Antiviral,Hepatoprotective, Antiimplantation

THERAPEUTIC USES

Micturitive           ·          Aphrodisiac             ·   Abdominal disorders esp in hook worms           ·   Rasayan

FORMULATIONS(Yog)

Aragvadhadi kvath churna             Avittoladi bhasm

Brihanmarichadya taila                Brihanmarichadya taila

Jatyadi taila                                Jatyadi taila

Kustharakshas taila                     Maha panchgavya ghrita

Mahatiktaka ghrita                       Nyagrodhadi churna

Panchanimb churna                     Rasnasaptak kvath churna

Somaraji taila

ANTI-DOTE (Nivaran Dravya)

Not Available